TX-TRAIGA
Texas Responsible AI Governance Act (HB 149)
- I. General Provisions
- Art. 551-001. Definitions ref
- Art. 551-002. Applicability (3)
- Art. 551-003. Purpose ref
- II. Artificial Intelligence Protections
- Art. 552-001. Definitions ref
- Art. 552-051. Disclosure of Artificial Intelligence System Use (7)
- Art. 552-052. Manipulation of Human Behavior (3)
- Art. 552-053. Social Scoring by Governmental Entities (3)
- Art. 552-054. Biometric Data Restrictions for Governmental Entities (2)
- Art. 552-055. Infringement of Constitutional Rights (1)
- Art. 552-056. Unlawful Discrimination (2)
- Art. 552-057. Sexual Exploitation and Child Safety (2)
- Art. 552-101. Attorney General Enforcement Authority (1)
- Art. 552-102. Complaint Mechanism (2)
- Art. 552-103. Civil Investigative Demands (10)
- Art. 552-104. Notice and Opportunity to Cure (3)
- Art. 552-105. Civil Penalties (9)
- Art. 552-106. State Agency Enforcement (1)
- III. Artificial Intelligence Regulatory Sandbox Program
- Art. 553-001. Definitions ref
- Art. 553-051. Establishment of Sandbox Program (2)
- Art. 553-052. Application Requirements (5)
- Art. 553-053. Duration and Extension (2)
- Art. 553-054. Legal Protections During Testing (2)
- Art. 553-101. Oversight and Removal (3)
- Art. 553-102. Reporting Requirements (6)
- IV. Texas Artificial Intelligence Council
- Art. 554-001. Establishment (1)
- Art. 554-002. Composition (4)
- Art. 554-003. Qualifications and Terms (4)
- Art. 554-004. Meetings (2)
- Art. 554-101. Duties (7)
- Art. 554-102. Limitations (3)
- V. Amendments to Existing Law
- Art. 560-001. Biometric Identifier Consent Amendments (3)
- Art. 560-002. Data Processing Amendments (3)
- VI. Effective Date and Preemption
- Art. 600-001. Effective Date (1)
- Art. 600-002. Local Preemption (1)
- Art. 600-003. Complaint Mechanism Deadline (1)
Requirement Obligations
39Title I — General Provisions
Title II — Artificial Intelligence Protections
Article 552-051. Disclosure of Artificial Intelligence System Use
3 obligations
TX-TRAIGA-552-051-04
Requirement
Clear and Conspicuous Disclosure Format
All disclosures required by this section must be clear and conspicuous and written in plain language.
TX-TRAIGA-552-051-06
Requirement
Hyperlink Disclosure Option for Government AI
Disclosures required for governmental interactive AI systems may be made through a hyperlink to a separate webpage or do
TX-TRAIGA-552-051-07
Requirement
Emergency Exception for Healthcare AI Disclosure
In emergency cases, healthcare providers must make the required AI system disclosure as soon as reasonably possible afte
Article 552-102. Complaint Mechanism
2 obligations
TX-TRAIGA-552-102-01
Requirement
Establish Online Complaint Mechanism
The attorney general must establish and maintain an online mechanism through which any person may submit complaints alle
TX-TRAIGA-552-102-02
Requirement
Complaint Mechanism Operational Deadline
The attorney general must ensure the online complaint mechanism is operational no later than September 1, 2026.
Article 552-103. Civil Investigative Demands
4 obligations
TX-TRAIGA-552-103-01
Requirement
Comply with Civil Investigative Demands for Document Production
Must produce documents when served with a civil investigative demand by the attorney general if there is reason to belie
TX-TRAIGA-552-103-02
Requirement
Comply with Civil Investigative Demands for Interrogatory Answers
Must provide answers to interrogatories when served with a civil investigative demand by the attorney general if there i
TX-TRAIGA-552-103-03
Requirement
Comply with Civil Investigative Demands for Testimony
Must provide testimony when served with a civil investigative demand by the attorney general if there is reason to belie
TX-TRAIGA-552-103-10
Requirement
Provide Additional Information Upon Civil Investigative Demand
Must provide any other information the attorney general considers necessary to investigate the alleged violation when re
Article 552-104. Notice and Opportunity to Cure
1 obligation
Article 552-106. State Agency Enforcement
1 obligation
Title III — Artificial Intelligence Regulatory Sandbox Program
Article 553-051. Establishment of Sandbox Program
2 obligations
TX-TRAIGA-553-051-01
Requirement
Establish AI Regulatory Sandbox Program
The Department of Information Resources must establish and administer an artificial intelligence regulatory sandbox prog
TX-TRAIGA-553-051-02
Requirement
Provide Controlled Testing Environment with Consumer Protections
The sandbox program must provide participants with opportunities to test innovative artificial intelligence systems in a
Article 553-053. Duration and Extension
2 obligations
TX-TRAIGA-553-053-01
Requirement
Sandbox Program Participation Time Limit Compliance
Sandbox program participants must cease participation and exit the program no later than 36 months from their date of ac
TX-TRAIGA-553-053-02
Requirement
Extension Request for Good Cause
Sandbox program participants seeking to continue participation beyond 36 months must demonstrate good cause to the depar
Title IV — Texas Artificial Intelligence Council
Article 554-001. Establishment
1 obligation
Article 554-002. Composition
4 obligations
TX-TRAIGA-554-002-01
Requirement
Governor Must Appoint Three Council Members
The governor must appoint three members to the council as specified in the composition requirements.
TX-TRAIGA-554-002-02
Requirement
Lieutenant Governor Must Appoint Two Council Members
The lieutenant governor must appoint two members to the council as specified in the composition requirements.
TX-TRAIGA-554-002-03
Requirement
Speaker of House Must Appoint Two Council Members
The speaker of the house of representatives must appoint two members to the council as specified in the composition requ
TX-TRAIGA-554-002-04
Requirement
Governor Must Designate Presiding Officer
The governor must designate one member of the council as the presiding officer from among the seven appointed members.
Article 554-003. Qualifications and Terms
4 obligations
TX-TRAIGA-554-003-01
Requirement
Council Member State Residency Requirement
Each member appointed to the council must be a resident of the state of Texas.
TX-TRAIGA-554-003-02
Requirement
Council Member Expertise Requirement
Each member appointed to the council must have expertise or experience in artificial intelligence, technology, law, ethi
TX-TRAIGA-554-003-03
Requirement
Staggered Four-Year Term Implementation
Council members must serve staggered four-year terms as established by the appointing authority.
TX-TRAIGA-554-003-04
Requirement
Vacancy Filling Process Compliance
When a vacancy occurs on the council, it must be filled using the same appointment process as the original appointment,
Article 554-004. Meetings
2 obligations
TX-TRAIGA-554-004-01
Requirement
Quarterly Council Meetings Requirement
The council must convene and hold meetings at minimum four times per year on a quarterly basis.
TX-TRAIGA-554-004-02
Requirement
Meeting at Presiding Officer's Call Requirement
The council must convene meetings when called by the presiding officer, in addition to the quarterly requirement.
Article 554-101. Duties
7 obligations
TX-TRAIGA-554-101-01
Requirement
Ensure Ethical AI Development and Use
The council must ensure that artificial intelligence systems are developed and used in an ethical manner that protects t
TX-TRAIGA-554-101-02
Requirement
Identify Regulatory Impediments to AI Innovation
The council must identify regulatory impediments to the development and deployment of innovative artificial intelligence
TX-TRAIGA-554-101-03
Requirement
Analyze AI Opportunities for Government Services
The council must analyze opportunities for state agencies to use artificial intelligence systems to improve the efficien
TX-TRAIGA-554-101-04
Requirement
Study Regulatory Capture and Anticompetitive Conduct
The council must study the potential for regulatory capture and anticompetitive conduct in the artificial intelligence i
TX-TRAIGA-554-101-05
Requirement
Recommend Legislative Changes for Responsible AI
The council must recommend legislative changes to promote the responsible development and use of artificial intelligence
TX-TRAIGA-554-101-06
Requirement
Recommend Regulatory Sandbox Program Improvements
The council must recommend improvements to the regulatory sandbox program established under Chapter 553.
TX-TRAIGA-554-101-07
Requirement
Conduct AI Training Programs for State Agencies
The council must conduct training programs for state agencies on the responsible use of artificial intelligence systems.
Title V — Amendments to Existing Law
Article 560-001. Biometric Identifier Consent Amendments
2 obligations
TX-TRAIGA-560-001-01
Requirement
Obtain Informed Consent for Biometric Capture via AI
Must obtain informed consent from an individual before capturing or obtaining their biometric identifier for commercial
TX-TRAIGA-560-001-03
Requirement
Anonymized Biometric Processing for AI Development
May train, process, or store biometric identifiers for developing, training, evaluating, disseminating, or offering AI m
Article 560-002. Data Processing Amendments
3 obligations
TX-TRAIGA-560-002-01
Requirement
Assist Controller in Security of Processing Compliance
Data processors must assist data controllers in ensuring compliance with obligations regarding the security of processin
TX-TRAIGA-560-002-02
Requirement
Assist Controller in Security Breach Notification Compliance
Data processors must assist data controllers in ensuring compliance with obligations regarding notification of security
TX-TRAIGA-560-002-03
Requirement
Assist Controller in High-Risk Processing Impact Assessment Compliance
Data processors must assist data controllers in ensuring compliance with obligations regarding the assessment of the imp
Title VI — Effective Date and Preemption
Article 600-003. Complaint Mechanism Deadline
1 obligation